Abstract Honey is a matrix noted for its wide consumption as a sweetener and its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties; however, its physicochemical quality can be compromised by the presence of toxicants such as pesticides. This review aims to gather recent information on pesticides in honey from the approach to their detection, understanding, and adverse effects on human health. A bibliographic and bibliometric analysis was carried out in academic databases limited to the last five and thirty years, respectively, comprising the keywords “honey”, “pesticides” and their types of pesticides or the agrochemical compound directly. It was found that there are about 30 pesticides detected in honey, in which organochlorine, organophosphate, and neonicotinoid compounds stood out for their concentrations concerning Maximum Residue Levels (MRL). Their physicochemical alteration was not well explored beyond slight variations in brightness and manganese concentration, and its consumption may have repercussions on human reproductive health. It was also determined that there was limited development on the scientific subject seeing that it is important to explore and investigate more on the issue due to the great impact of honey as a product of high consumption at a global level.

Resumo O mel é uma matriz que se destaca pelo seu amplo consumo como edulcorante e por suas propriedades anti-inflamatórias, antioxidantes e antimicrobianas; no entanto, sua qualidade físico-química pode ser comprometida pela presença de elementos tóxicos, como os pesticidas. Esta revisão tem como objetivo coletar informações recentes sobre pesticidas no mel sob a perspectiva de sua detecção, compreensão e efeitos adversos à saúde humana. Foram realizadas as análises bibliográfica e bibliométrica em bases de dados acadêmicas limitadas aos últimos cinco e trinta anos, respectivamente, com as palavras-chave “honey” (mel), “pesticides” (pesticidas) e tipos de pesticidas ou o nome do composto agroquímico diretamente. Foram detectados cerca de 30 pesticidas no mel, dos quais se destacam os compostos organoclorados, organofosforados e neonicotinoides, devido às suas concentrações em relação aos Limites Máximos de Resíduos (LMR). A alteração físico-química do mel é pouco explorada, sendo observadas pequenas variações de brilho e concentração de manganês. Note-se que o consumo de mel com pesticidas pode ter repercussões na saúde reprodutiva humana. Foi também verificado que existe a pesquisa científica sobre o assunto é limitada e que é importante explorar e investigar mais sobre o assunto, devido ao grande impacto que o mel tem como produto de alto consumo em todo o mundo.

Resumo A Bibliometria é uma disciplina que nos permite identificar tendências do conhecimento, avaliar a atividade científica e o impacto da pesquisa por meio de seu volume, evolução, visibilidade e estrutura. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de realizar uma análise bibliométrica das pesquisas científicas que contribuem com o conhecimento de compostos orgânicos voláteis de frutos comestíveis e comerciais da família Solanaceae. A pesquisa consistiu em extrair a informação dos trabalhos no banco de dados Web of Science. Analisamos a produção, a visibilidade e o impacto desses artigos, os relacionamentos e a colaboração entre autores, usando os programas BibExcel e VOSviewer. Como resultado, 178 documentos foram obtidos entre 2001 e 2017. O tomate é a fruta com o maior número de artigos relacionados que se concentram no estudo de compostos responsáveis pelo sabor, aroma e relações bióticas e abióticas. Ademais, há estudos para identificar os genes responsáveis pelas propriedades organolépticos e ecológicos. Os artigos analisados são o produto do desenvolvimento das pesquisas de 491 autores e de 239 organizações diferentes distribuídas em 45 países. Este estudo bibliométrico permitiu identificar tendências sobre o conhecimento dos compostos orgânicos voláteis em frutos de Solanaceae, para reconhecer a localização do material científico nessa área.

Abstract Bibliometric analysis is a discipline that allows us to identify knowledge trends, assesses scientific activity and the impact of research through its volume, evolution, visibility, and structure. The present study aimed to carry out a bibliometric study of scientific research that contributes to the knowledge of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of edible and commercial fruits of Solanaceae family. The research consisted of extracting the information from papers in the Web of Science database. We analyzed and performed the production, visibility, and impact of these papers, also relationships and collaboration between authors using BibExcel and VOSviewer software. As a result, 178 documents were obtained from 2001 to 2017. Tomato is the fruit with the largest number of related articles that are focused on studying compounds responsible for taste, aroma, and biotic and abiotic relationships, as well as studies for identification of the genes responsible for these organoleptic and ecological traits. Papers analyzed are related to the research studies of 491 authors from 239 different organizations distributed in 45 countries. This bibliometric study allowed to identify trends in the knowledge in VOCs with respect to Solanaceae fruits, as well as recognizing the location of the scientific material in this field.

ABSTRACT Tomato is considered a fruit with a high food demand across the world due to its high antioxidant capacity. Lycopene content in tomato has been widely studied, particularly in cherry-type tomatoes which are considered a high source of lycopene for humans. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in terms of concentration and variation of diverse physicochemical parameters of quality (acidity, vitamin C, pH, °Brix, color coordinates L*, a* and b*) and, antioxidants like ?-carotene and lycopene in 11 accessions of cherry-type tomatoes, considering the advantages of antioxidants for human health. Multicriteria analysis and other tests showed substantial differences among the accessions. IAC401 was associated with the best physicochemical characteristics of a promissory cherry-type tomato for cultivation due to its association with functional food, followed by IAC426R and IAC1624. This study allowed an innovative association of physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant contents of cherry-type tomatoes through multicriteria analyses which enable the analysis, elimination, and proposal of promising accessions for their use in future crops which will promote the best intrinsic features of tomato to be used in the studied region. In this case accessions with the highest scores offer not only optimum amounts of antioxidants and highest levels of organic acids and sugars.

En el estudio, utilizando organogénesis indirecta a partir de hoja cotiledonar se evaluó la regeneración de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz y Pav) Oken, un árbol nativo de uso industrial, medicinal y ornamental. Para la desinfección de las semillas se utilizó hipoclorito de sodio al 3% por 15 min acompañado de la adición del preservante para plantas PPM® al medio de cultivo. En la fase de formación de callo fueron evaluados tres reguladores de crecimiento: BAP, Picloram y 2,4-D en concentraciones desde 0.5 hasta 12.5 mg/lt en condiciones de luz (12 h) y oscuridad, obteniendo callo en todas ellos. Los callos fueron transferidos a los medios de cultivo (mg/lt): BAP (1), 2,4-D (7.5), Picloram (7.5) y a medio de cultivo sin reguladores de crecimiento. Después de 30 días de cultivo la mayoría de los callos se oxidaron, no obstante algunos cultivados en BAP (10 mg/lt) mostraron brotes organogénicos. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren una vía de regeneración in vitro posible mediante organogénesis indirecta a partir de hoja cotiledonar y permiten proponer investigaciones posteriores para avanzar en la regeneración exitosa a partir de esta u otras técnicas de regeneración n vitro.

This study, using indirect organogenesis from cotyledonal leaf evaluated Cordia alliodora (Ruiz y Pav) Oken regeneration, a tree native to Colombia with industrial, medical and aesthetic properties. The seeds were first treated with 3% sodium hypochlorite solution during 15 minutes supplemented with PPM® added to the culture medium to remove any bacteria and fungi. Three hormones were tested in the induction phase: BAP, Picloram and 2,4-D in concentrations from 0,5 to 12,5 mg/L in light and dark conditions; production of callus was obtained in all of them. After thirty days most of the callus were oxidized; some callus on BAP 10mg/L showed organogenic shoots. These results suggest a way for in vitro regeneration through indirect organogenesis from coffee-shading walnut cotyledonal leaves and suggest that more research proceed in evaluating this regeneration technique and other in vitro regeneration techniques.

Se desarrolló un protocolo de propagación in vitro a partir de meristemos florales para Heliconia bihai cv. Lobster Salmón. Para el efecto se establecieron 250 yemas florales en diferentes tiempos utilizando NaClO al 1% durante 20 min. El medio de establecimiento Murashige y Skoog con mejores resultados fue BAP (2 mg/lt), AIA (1 mg/lt) y 0.1 g/lt de L-cisteína. La mayor produccion de brotes en multiplicación se obtuvo con 6 mg/lt de BAP y con un subcultivo posterior en medio con 2 mg/lt de BAP y 0.5 mg/lt de AIA, alcanzando una tasa de multiplicación de tres nuevas yemas. El enraizamiento de las plántulas in vitro se logró con 1.3 mg/lt de AIA. La aclimatación en vivero fue 92% de supervivencia. Se realizó un análisis de varianza (Anova) y un test de Tukey para las variables evaluadas las cuales mostraron diferencias estadísticas en cada fase. La propagación in vitro de heliconias a partir de yemas florales requiere mayor tiempo en la fase de establecimiento y multiplicación, no obstante permite mayores porcentajes de supervivencia y una menor contaminación, ofreciendo material de siembra de diferentes especies de esta planta de interés comercial.

A protocol for in vitro propagation of Heliconia bihai cv. Lobster Salmón was developed using flowering buds as initial explants. 250 flowering buds were established in different assays with NaClO at 1% during 20 minutes. The establishment in Murashige & Skoog's medium with BAP (2mg/L), AIA (1 mg/L) and L-cystein (0.1 g/L) showed the best results. Shoot multiplication was obtained with BAP (6 mg/L) with a subsequent subculture in a medium with BAP (2 mg/L) and AIA (0.5 mg/L), reaching multiplication rates of 3.0 new shoots. Rooting was achieved with AIA 1.3 mg/L. The survival rate during greenhouse acclimatization was 92%. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Turkey's test were realized for each of the variables evaluated that showed statistical differences in all stages. The in vitro propagation of heliconia with flowering buds, requires longer periods for establishment and multiplication stages but allows higher levels of survival for initial explants and lower contamination, offering an alternative to obtain important amounts of planting material of different heliconia species of commercial interest.